Short answer: India has no single CGPA to percentage formula. Each university publishes its own. Under the VTU 2022 scheme the percentage is CGPA × 10. SPPU's sheet uses CGPA × 8.9. MAKAUT prints a table of five points. So a CGPA of 7.75 is 77.5%, 68.975% or 70%, depending on whose rule applies to you.
Why there is no single CGPA to percentage formula
UGC's guidelines for the Choice Based Credit System set the 10-point grade points and show how to average them. They leave the marks needed to pass to each university, and each university sets its own marks bands. The step from CGPA to percentage is the university's too. We found no national formula from AICTE either.
That is why one website says one thing and the next says another. Rules also change from one scheme year to the next. VTU's × 10 rule, for example, is in its 2022 regulations, for BE and BTech batches admitted from 2022-23. Use the rule for your own university and your own scheme.
One CGPA, three universities
Made-up example: the same CGPA of 7.75 under each rule GradeCat has read.
| University | Rule | CGPA 7.75 gives | Class |
|---|---|---|---|
| VTU 2022 scheme | CGPA × 10 | 77.5% | First Class with Distinction |
| SPPU | CGPA × 8.9 | 68.975% | Distinction |
| MAKAUT | Table only | 70% | No class given |
The VTU and SPPU figures are 8.525 percentage points apart for the same CGPA.
UGC 10-point grade points: where a CGPA starts
Every rule below starts from a CGPA on the 10-point scale. These are UGC's grade points:
| Grade | Grade points |
|---|---|
| O | 10 |
| A+ | 9 |
| A | 8 |
| B+ | 7 |
| B | 6 |
| C | 5 |
| P | 4 |
| F | 0 |
| Ab | 0 |
Your SGPA is the credit-weighted average of one semester: multiply each course's credits by its grade points, add them up, and divide by the credits. Made-up example: 4 credits at A+, 3 at A, 3 at B+ and 1 at O give (36 + 24 + 21 + 10) ÷ 11 = 91 ÷ 11 = 8.27. UGC's own worked example comes to 138 credit points over 20 credits, an SGPA of 6.9.
Your CGPA is the same average over every semester so far. UGC states no rounding rule. VTU rounds SGPA and CGPA to 2 decimals. The SGPA and CGPA Calculator works both out from your courses.
If 8.27 were your CGPA, it would be 82.7% under the VTU 2022 scheme and 73.603% at SPPU. MAKAUT's table has no row for 8.27. Its top row is 8.25 = 75%.
VTU 2022 scheme: CGPA × 10
VTU's 2022 regulations give the percentage as M = CGPA × 10 (clause 22OB 6.7), on the CGPA rounded to 2 decimals (22OB 6.6). The class comes from M (22OB 6.8):
- First Class with Distinction: M ≥ 70
- First Class: 60 ≤ M < 70
- Second Class: 50 ≤ M < 60
- Pass: 40 ≤ M ≤ 50
Worked example, made up: 20 credits at an SGPA of 7.50, then 22 credits at 8.10.
- Credit points: 20 × 7.50 = 150 and 22 × 8.10 = 178.2.
- CGPA: (150 + 178.2) ÷ 42 = 7.81, rounded to 2 decimals.
- Percentage: 7.81 × 10 = 78.1%.
- Class: 78.1 is at least 70, so First Class with Distinction.
Watch the line at 70. A CGPA of 6.95 gives 69.5%, which is First Class, not Distinction. As written, Second Class and Pass both include 50, so a CGPA of 5.00 gives 50% and sits in both rows.
These rules are for 2022-scheme batches. VTU's 2025 scheme and its schemes from before 2022 are not covered here, because we have not read those regulations.
SPPU: CGPA × 8.9
A sheet on SPPU's exam portal gives the percentage as CGPA × 8.9. It has no date of its own (22 Aug 2022 is only in its file name), and it does not say which programmes it covers. Its class rows read on the CGPA, as printed:
- Distinction: 7.42 (66%) or more
- First Class: 6.75 (60%) or more but less than 7.41 (65.86%)
- Higher Second Class: 6.18 (55%) or more but less than 6.74 (59.98%)
- Second Class: 5.62 (50%) or more but less than 6.17 (54.91%)
Worked example, made up: a CGPA of 7.20 gives 7.20 × 8.9 = 64.08%. 7.20 is between 6.75 and 7.41, so it is First Class.
A CGPA of 7.42 gives 66.038%, Distinction. Read as printed, the rows leave gaps. A CGPA of 7.41 gives 65.949% but is in no row, because First Class stops below 7.41 and Distinction starts at 7.42. There is no Pass row either. If your CGPA falls in a gap, ask SPPU which class it gives.
SPPU's Circular 332-2020, on converting CGPA to percentage for UG degrees, is not used here: the page that holds it refused our connection.
MAKAUT: a table, not a formula
MAKAUT's sheet gives five points for a DGPA on the 10-point scale, and no formula:
| DGPA | Percentage |
|---|---|
| 6.25 | 55% |
| 6.75 | 60% |
| 7.25 | 65% |
| 7.75 | 70% |
| 8.25 | 75% |
Worked example, made up: a DGPA of 7.25 is a row in the table, so it is 65%. A DGPA of 7.00 is not. Its nearest rows are 6.75 = 60% and 7.25 = 65%, and MAKAUT gives no rule for the values between them, so we give no figure.
The PDF dates from 2008 and states no scope, so check with MAKAUT that it still applies to you.
How to convert your CGPA, step by step
- Find your university's own rule for your scheme year, in its regulations or on its exam portal.
- Take your CGPA from your marks card, rounded the way your university rounds it. VTU rounds to 2 decimals.
- Apply the rule: multiply, or read the table.
- Find your class. VTU reads its class rows on the percentage, and SPPU reads them on the CGPA.
- For an application, ask your university for the figure it gives.
The CGPA to Percentage Calculator does steps 3 and 4 for VTU 2022, SPPU and MAKAUT, and shows the class rows with yours marked.
Universities not covered yet
VTU schemes before 2022: no older VTU regulation was opened. Anna University, University of Delhi, AKTU, GTU, University of Mumbai and CBSE: their own pages could not be opened on 4 Nov 2026.
Other sites give formulas for these, but we use a rule only after we have read the university's own document.
The figure that counts: a conversion certificate
When a job or admission form asks for a percentage, the figure that counts is the one your university gives. Students ask their university for a CGPA to percentage conversion certificate. GradeCat cannot issue one. The numbers on this page show what each published rule gives, nothing more.
CGPA to percentage by university FAQ
Is there one CGPA to percentage formula for all of India?
No. Each university sets its own. VTU's 2022 scheme multiplies by 10, SPPU's sheet by 8.9, and MAKAUT prints a table.
What is 7.5 CGPA in percentage?
Under the VTU 2022 scheme, 7.5 × 10 = 75%, First Class with Distinction. At SPPU, 7.5 × 8.9 = 66.75%, Distinction. MAKAUT's table has no row for 7.50. Its nearest rows are 7.25 = 65% and 7.75 = 70%.
Is a CGPA of 7 first class?
At SPPU, yes: 7.00 is between 6.75 and 7.41, First Class, and 7 × 8.9 = 62.3%. Under the VTU 2022 scheme, 7 × 10 = 70%, which is First Class with Distinction. MAKAUT's sheet gives no class rows.
Can I use SPPU's × 8.9 on my SGPA?
The sheet speaks of the CGPA only, and it gives no rule for one semester's SGPA. After one semester with no F, your CGPA is the same as your SGPA. For a percentage for each semester, ask SPPU.
Why do websites give different formulas for the same university?
Often they mix up scheme years, or give a formula without the clause it comes from. We use a rule only from the university's own document, and we name the scheme it covers.
Which percentage should I write on a form?
The one your university gives, on your marks card or a conversion certificate. If you have neither, ask your university.
Related tools and guides
- CGPA to Percentage Calculator: your CGPA as a percentage and a class, by the VTU 2022, SPPU or MAKAUT rule.
- SGPA and CGPA Calculator: your SGPA and CGPA from grades, VTU marks or SGPAs.
- 10-point grading scale: grade points, VTU marks bands and the class tables, with sources.
- All tools for India
- All GradeCat calculators
Sources
- UGC: Minimum Course Curriculum for Undergraduate Courses Under Choice Based Credit System (March 2015), pp. 16-17 (opened 4 November 2026)
- VTU: (Award of Bachelor of Engineering/Technology Degree) Regulations, 2022, 22OB 6.6 to 6.8 (opened 4 November 2026)
- SPPU exam portal: Conversion from CGPA to percentage (opened 4 November 2026)
- MAKAUT: How to Calculate Percentage from Your Grade Point (opened 4 November 2026)
A converted percentage is an estimate, not an official result. Your university's rules come first. Found a mistake? Tell us.